скачать PDF
Authors : 1. Anna A. Ivanova,
PhD (Law), Associate Professor
National Research University "Higher School of Economics", Nizhniy Novgorod, Russia
Victimological aspect of a corruption deal
Objective: to present the author's concept of the victimological aspect of corruption crime.
Methods: dialectical method of cognition, mainly the systemic approach (analysis).
Results: the article discusses the concept of corruption deal as an unlawful act, statutory offence (bribery and subornation), law abuse by the authorized entity. The illegal (most common), and manipulative types of corruption deals and their mechanisms are defined, as well as the ways of their implementation, which include mutually beneficial, bilateral trade, extortion and initiative, active bribery. The diverse negative effects of corruption on the legal relationships are proved. The danger of the crime deal is shown as the factor of corrupt behavior, and active means of formation of corruption networks, which increases victimogenity of corruption acts, doing harm not only to physical but also legal entities. In accordance with this, the point of view supported and proved that it is necessary to expand the notion of victim of corruption offences to legal persons. The conclusion is made about the feasibility of a legal assessment of corruption deals as a qualifying feature of a criminal offense.
Scientific novelty: the article justifies the author's position in relation to an assessment of corruption victimization of the deal; victimological characteristic of a corrupt deals victim are given; critical analysis of basic victimological concepts is made to identify the potential corrupt deals victims and ensure victim safety.
Practical significance: the idea is expressed of reorienting public consciousness, views on corruption as a way of solving problems; of changing tolerance to corruption, due to which the legal subjects become victims of corrupt deals; of amending the anti-corruption policies towards more careful attention to the protection of the legal relations subjects against the corruption threat.
Keywords :
corruption crime; corrupt deal; corrupter; victim of the corruption deal; victim behavior; victimization; victimity; victimization situation
Bibliography :
1. Dolgova, A. I. Korruptsionnaya prestupnost' (Corruption crime) // Kriminologiya: uchebnik dlya vuzov / pod obshch. red. d-ra yurid. nauk, prof. A. I. Dolgovoi. 3-e izd., pererab. i dop. M.: Norma, 2005, 912 p.
2. Tikhomirov, Yu. A., Trikoz, E. N. Pravo protiv korruptsii (Law against corruption) // Zhurnal rossiiskogo prava, 2007, no. 5. pp. 39–52.
3. Gorshenkov, G. N. "Protivodeistvie" i "korruptsiya" kak nauchno ne prorabotannye ponyatiya (“Counteraction” and corruption as scientifically under –developed notions) // Protivodeistvie korruptsii na federal'nom, regional'nom i munitsipal'nom urovnyakh: materialy Mezhdunar. nauch.-prakt. konf., posvyashchennoi 112-letiyu Yuridicheskogo instituta Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta i neobkhodimosti razrabotki programmy protivodeistviya korruptsii na munitsipal'nom urovne. Tomsk: Izd-vo Tomskogo un-ta, 2010, pp. 25–29.
4. Kabanov, P. A. Viktimologiya korruptsii: ponyatie, predmet, struktura (Victimology of corruption: notion, object, structure) // Pravo i praktika, 2010, no. 7, pp. 107–111.
5. Glukhova, A. A., Izosimov, S. V. Viktimologicheskie faktory prestupnosti: istoriya, sovremennost' i perspektivy predupreditel'nogo vozdeistviya (Victimological factors of crime: history, modern state and prospects of prevention): ucheb. posobie. N. Novgorod: Izd-vo Volgo-Vyatskoi akademii gos. sluzhby, 2010, 157 p.
6. Frank, L. V. Poterpevshie ot prestupleniya i problemy sovetskoi viktimologii (Victims of crime and problems of the Soviet victimology). Dushanbe, 1977. 237 p.
7. Konovalov, V. P. Izuchenie poterpevshikh s tsel'yu sovershenstvovaniya profilaktiki pravonarushenii (Investigating victims to improve the crime prevention). M., 1982, 72 p.
8. Khokhryakov, G. F. Kriminologiya (Criminology): uchebnik / otv. red. V. N. Kudryavtsev. M.: Yurist, 1999, 512 p.
9. Vishnevetskii, K. V. Struktura viktimologicheskoi kharakteristiki zhertvy (Structure of victimological characteristics of a victim) // Teoriya i praktika obshchestvennogo razvitiya, 2013, no. 9, аvailable at: teoria-practica.ru/vipusk-9-2013/ (access date: 07.08.2015).
10. Gilinskii, Ya., Gol'bert, V. Institutsional'nye effekty deviantnosti i sotsial'nogo kontrolya (Institutional effects of deviation and social control) // Rossiiskii kriminologicheskii vzglyad, 2009, no. 1, pp. 218–233.
11. Gorshenkov, G. N. Viktimologicheskaya sostavlyayushchaya v determinatsii korruptsionnogo povedeniya (Victimological component in determining corrupt behavior) // Aktual'nye problemy kriminologicheskogo issledovaniya regional'noi prestupnosti: materialy II Mezhdunar. nauch.-prakt. konf. Baku, 2015, pp. 144–151.
12. Aglyamova, G. M. Viktimologicheskie aspekty preduprezhdeniya korruptsionnoi prestupnosti v sfere mestnogo samoupravleniya (Victimological aspects of corrupt crime prevention in the sphere of local self-government) // Ekonomika i pravo. Vestnik Udmurtskogo universiteta, 2012, vol. 4, pp. 74–82.
13. Mikhailova, A. Pokazatel'naya bor'ba: pochemu v 2014 g. vyroslo chislo osuzhdennykh za vzyatki (Demostrative struggle: why in 2014 the number of convicted for bribes increased), аvailable at: http://top.rbc.ru/politics/10/02/2015/54da0f159a7947e552a015f8 (access date: 07.08.2015).
14. Vishnevetskii, K. V. Mekhanizm viktimologicheskoi determinatsii (Mechanism of victimological determination) // Teoriya i praktika obshchestvennogo razvitiya, 2014, no. 10, pp. 154–157.
15. Vishnevetskii, K. V. Viktimologicheskii mekhanizm korruptsii (Victimological mechanism of corruption) // Teoriya i praktika obshchestvennogo razvitiya, 2014, no. 14, pp. 98–99.
Citation :
Ivanova A. A. Victimological aspect of a corruption deal // Actual Problems of Economics and Law, 2015, no. 4, pр. 253–260.
Type of article : The scientific article
Date of receipt of the article :
27.08.2015
Date of adoption of the print :
25.10.2015
Date of online accommodation :
15.01.2016
