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АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ
ЭКОНОМИКИ И ПРАВА

 

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DOI: 10.21202/1993-047X.12.2018.1.132-148

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Авторы :
1. Керрин Е. Белл, доцент социологии и уголовного правосудия
Университет Восточного Вашингтона



Насилие в местах лишения свободы и интерсекциональность факторов расы/национальности и пола


Цель: анализ истории, становления и развития проблемы насилия в местах лишения свободы во взаимосвязи с интерсекциональностью факторов расы/национальности и пола.


Методы: диалектический подход к познанию социальных явлений, позволяющий проанализировать их в историческом развитии и функционировании в контексте совокупности объективных и субъективных факторов, который определил выбор следующих методов исследования: формально-логический, сравнительно-правовой, социологический.


Результаты: уровень наказаний в виде лишения свободы среди представителей национальных меньшинств обоих полов очень высок. Это приводит к росту насилия в местах лишения свободы. Более ранние исследования в этой области рассматривали проблемы личностей, а не взаимодействие между их статусами. Данная работа посвящена роли интерсекциональной криминологии и проблеме насилия по отношению к женщинам-заключенным в местах лишения свободы одного из крупных штатов на западе США. Интерсекциональная криминология – это теоретический подход, позволяющий критически рассмотреть влияние взаимодействующих статусов личностей на уровень преступности. В данном исследовании мы не выдвигаем гипотез о причинах зависимости между факторами расы/национальности и пола и уровнем тюремного насилия, а лишь указываем на существование феномена женщины – представители национальных меньшинств совершают больше насильственных действий в тюрьмах, чем белые женщины. Использование интерсекционального подхода позволяет приблизиться к решению проблемы идентификации женщин-заключенных в качестве членов преступных группировок и потенциальным влиянием этого фактора на уровень насилия.


Научная новизна: в статье впервые обосновано, что интерсекциональный подход позволяет получить более надежные статистические результаты при оценке уровня тюремного насилия. Доказано, что женщины – представительницы национальных меньшинств совершают больше насильственных правонарушений в местах лишения свободы, чем белые женщины. Таким образом, данная работа подтвердила высказывавшееся ранее мнение, что интерсекциональный подход необходимо шире использовать в исследованиях и чаще применять полученные результаты на практике.


Практическая значимость: основные положения и выводы статьи могут быть использованы в научной и педагогической деятельности при рассмотрении вопросов, связанных с насилием в местах лишения свободы и интерсекциональностью факторов расы/национальности и пола.


Ключевые слова :

интерсекциональность; фактор расы/национальности; фактор пола; места лишения свободы; насилие; преступность; статус личности


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Оригинальная публикация: https://ccjls.scholasticahq.com/article/1362.pdf


Цитирование :

Керрин Е. Белл. Насилие в местах лишения свободы и интерсекциональность факторов расы/национальности и пола // Актуальные проблемы экономики и права. 2018. Т. 12, № 1. С. 132–148. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21202/1993-047X.12.2018.1.132-148


Тип статьи : Научная статья

Дата поступления статьи :
15.12.2017

Дата принятия в печать :
23.02.2018

Дата онлайн размещения :
25.03.2018