DOI: 10.21202/1993-047X.10.2016.3.227-251

скачать PDF

---

Слово «криминология»: филологическое исследование и определение

---

Цель: формулирование нового определения понятия «криминология».

Методы: диалектический, системный, анализ, синтез, сравнение.

Результаты: в работе рассматриваются история и этимология термина «криминология». На основе данного анализа формулируется авторское понятие криминологии как систематического изучения преступности, преступников, уголовного права, криминальной юстиции и криминализации.

Научная новизна: автор доказывает, что криминология не обязательно должна соответствовать ее традиционному восприятию как академической науки, а может иметь характер общественной и/или гуманитарной сферы познания. Данное положение доказывается с помощью ранних примеров использования слова «криминология» в английском языке, которые предшествовали попыткам теоретизировать область криминологии в Италии и Франции в 1880-х гг., а также предлагаются новые варианты прочтения этих итальянских и французских текстов. Филологический анализ переходит затем в описание ряда попыток дать определение термину в ХХ в. и инноваций того же периода, соответствующих разносторонности криминологии как при ее зарождении, так и в последующем развитии.

Практическая значимость: преимуществом такого нового понимания криминологии становится его инклюзивность: оно вводит в сферу науки все неортодоксальные криминологические исследования, что открывает возможности для развития новых направлений, взглядов на проблему преступности, теорий и методов профилактики и реагирования.

Ключевые слова :

этимология; криминология; филология; криминальное правосудие; криминальная антропология

Cписок литературы :

1. Bosworth, M., & Hoyle, C. (Eds.). (2011). What is criminology? Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. DOI: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199571826.001.0001
2. Crewe, D., & Lippens, R. (2015). What is criminology about? New York, NY: Routledge.
3. Taylor, I., Walton, P., & Young, J. (1973). The new criminology, for a social theory of deviance. London, UK: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
4. Platt, T. (1974). Prospects for a radical criminology in the United States. Crime and Social Justice, 1, 2–10.
5. Barak, G. (1988). Newsmaking criminology: Reflections of the media, intellectuals, and crime. Justice Quarterly 5(4), 565–587. DOI: 10.1080/07418828800089891
6. Pepinsky, H., & Quinney, R. (1991). Criminology as peacemaking. Indianapolis, IA: Indiana University Press.
7. Ferrell, J., & Sanders, C. (1995). Cultural criminology. Boston, MA: Northeastern University Press.
8. Richards, S. C., & Ross, J. I. (2001). The new school of convict criminology. Social Justice, 28(1), 177–190.
9. Rafter, N. (2007). Crime, film and criminology: Recent sex-crime movies. Theoretical Criminology, 11(3), 403–420. DOI: 10.1177/1362480607079584

10. Francis, P. (2009). Visual criminology. Criminal Justice Matters, 78(1), 10–11. DOI: 10.1080/09627250903385164
11. Loader, I., & Sparks, R. (2010). Public criminology. London, UK: Routledge.
12. Presser, L., & Sandberg, S. (2015). Narrative criminology. New York, NY: New York University Press.
13. Rock, P. (1994). History of criminology. Aldershot, UK: Dartmouth Publishing.
14. Lippens, R. (2009). A very short, fairly interesting and reasonably cheap book about studying criminology. London, UK: SAGE Publications.
15. “Criminologist.” (2014). In Oxford English dictionary. Retrieved from oed.com
16. “Criminology.” (2014). In Oxford English dictionary. Retrieved from oed.com
17. Beirne, P. (1993). The invention of the term criminology. inventing criminology: Essays on the rise of “homo criminalis”Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
18. O’Brian, M., & Yar, M. (2008). Criminology: The key concepts. Abingdon, UK: Routledge.
19. Reiner, R. (2012). Political economy and criminology: The return of the repressed. In S. Hall & S. Winlow (Eds.), New directions in criminological theory (pp. 30–51). Abingdon, UK: Routledge.
20. Pond, R. (1999). Introduction to criminology. Winchester, UK: Waterside Press.
21. Bennett, J. (1988). Oral history and delinquency: The rhetoric of criminology. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
22. Beth, M. (1941). The sociological aspect of criminology. Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology 32(1), 67–71. DOI: 10.2307/1136681
23. Radzinowicz, L. (2002). A brief for criminology. In Adventures in criminology (pp. 440–469). New York, NY: Routledge.
24. Knepper, P. (2001). Explaining criminal conduct: Theories and systems in criminology. Durham, NC: Carolina Academic Press.
25. Muncie, J. (2000). Decriminalizing criminology. In G. Lewis, S. Gewirtz, & J. Clark (Eds.), Rethinking social policy (pp. 217–228). London, UK: SAGE Publications.
26. Anonymous. (1890, Sept. 6). Review of Havelock Ellis’s The criminal. Athenaum, 325(2), 325326.
27. Ellis, H. (1890). The criminal. London, UK: Walter Scott.
28. Jones, H. (1965). Crime and the penal system (3rd ed.). London, UK: University Tutorial Press.
29. Rafter, N. (2011). Origins of criminology. In M. Bosworth & C. Hoyle (Eds.), What is criminology? (pp. 143–156). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
30. Rafter. N. (1992). Criminal anthropology in the United States. Criminology, 30(4), 525-45. DOI:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1992.tb01115.x
31. Jeffery, C. R. (1959). The historical development of criminology. Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology 50(1), 3-19. DOI: 10.2307/1140864

32. H. T. (1872, April 3). France. Boston Daily Advertiser, 1 (6), 1.

33. Becker, P., Wetzell, R. (2006) Criminals and their scientists: The history of criminology in international perspective. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139052405
34. Gibson, M. (2002). Born to crime: Cesare Lombroso and the origins of biological criminology. Westport, CT: Praeger.
35. Horn, D. (2003). The criminal body: Lombroso and the anatomy of deviance. New York, NY: Routledge.

36. Pick, D. (1993). Faces of degeneration: A European disorder, pp. 1848–1918. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. DOI: 10.1017/CBO9780511558573
37. Wetzell, R. (2000). Inventing the criminal: A history of German criminology, 1880–1945. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press.
38. Anonymous. (1857, Mar. 21). Felons and felon-worship. The Saturday Review, 271(2), 270–272.
39. Worthington, H. (2005). The rise of the detective in early nineteenth-century popular fiction. Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave.
40. Hollingsworth, M. (1963). The Newgate novel 18301847: Bulwer, Ainsworth, Dickens and Thackeray. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University Press.
41. J. B. (1857). Scenes from the lives of Robson and Redpath. London, UK: W. M. Clark.
42. Beccaria, C. (1764/1995). On crimes and punishments. (R. Davies & V. Cox, Trans., R. Bellamy, Ed.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. DOI: 10.1017/CBO9780511802485
43. Cullen, F. T., & Agnew, R. (2013). Criminological theory: Past to present (5th ed.). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
44. Anonymous. (1857). Lamentation of Leopold Redpath. Retrieved from http://digital.nls.uk/english- ballads/pageturner.cfm?id=74891209
45. Anonymous. (1857). Dark deeds. London, UK: George Vickers.
46. Neale, E. (1847). Experiences of a gaol chaplain. London, UK: Richard Bentley.
47. Neale, E. (1849). Scenes where the tempter has triumphed. London, UK: Richard Bentley.
48. Ferrell, J., Hayward, K. J., Morrison, W., & Presdee, M. (Eds.). (2004). Cultural criminology unleashed. Portland, OR: Cavendish.
49. Ferrell, J. Hayward, K. J., & Young, J. (2008). Cultural criminology: An invitation. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
50. Ferrell, J. (1997). Criminological verstehen: Inside the immediacy of crime. Justice Quarterly 14(1), 3–23. DOI: 10.1080/07418829700093201
51. Ewart, J. (1860). The sanitary condition and discipline of indian jails. London, UK: Smith, Elder and Co.
52. Tillyard, S. (1994). Aristocrats: Caroline, Emily, Louisa, and Sarah Lennox, 1740–1832. London, UK: Chatto & Windus.
53. Lombroso, C. (2006). Criminal man. (M. Gibson & N. Hehn-Rafter, Trans.). Durham, NC: Duke University Press. (Original work published 1876).
54. Rafter, N. (2009). The origins of criminology: A reader. New York, NY: Routledge.
55. Garofalo, R. (1885). Criminologia: Studio sul delitto, sulle sue cause e sui mezzi di repressione. Turin, Italy: Fratelli Bocca. (Anon. French Trans.). Paris, France: F. Alcan. (R. W. Millar, English Trans.). Boston, MA: Little Brown, and Company.
56. “Criminologia.” (1961–2008). In Battaglia, S. (Ed.), Grande Dizionario della Lingua Italiana. Torino, Italy: Unione Tipografico-Editrice Torinese.
57. Commissione per la Statistica Giudiziaria e Notarile. (1885, Nov.-Dec.). Annali di Statistica, Rome, Italy: Fratelli Bencini.
58. Carnevale, E. (1886). Della pena nella scuola classica e nella criminologia positiva. Milan and Turin, Italy: Fratelli Dumolard.
59. Fioretti, G. (1886). Su la legittima difesa, studio di criminologia. Turin, Italy: Fratelli Bocca.
60. Topinard, P. (1887). L’anthropologie criminelle. Revue d’Anthropologie, 2, 658–691.
61. Tarde, G. (1888). La criminologie. Revue d’Anthropologie, 3, 521–533.
62. Majno, L. (1885, Dec. 5). La scuola positive di diritto penale. Monitore dei Tribunali, 26(49), 11611167.
63. Cohen, S. (1988). Against criminology. Oxford, UK: Transaction Books.
64. Smart, C. (1990). Feminist approaches to criminology: Or postmodern woman meets atavistic man. In L. Gelsthorpe & A. Morris (Eds.), Feminist perspectives in criminology (pp. 70–84). Milton Keynes, UK: Open University Press.
65. Topinard, P. (1890). Criminologie et anthropologie. In Actes du Deuxieme Congres Internationale d’Anthropologie Crimminelle Biologie et Sociologie (Paris, aout 1889) (pp. 489–96). Lyon, France: A. Storck.
66. Committee on Prison Reform. (1889, June 18-20). Prison reform. In The general association of the congressional churches of Massachusetts. Minutes of the eighty-seventh annual meeting. Boston, MA: Congregational Publishing Society.
67. MacDonald, A. (1890, January). Criminological. The American Journal of Psychology, 3(1), 114–126.
68. Anonymous. (1890, Aug. 30). Criminal literature. The Saturday Review, 1818(70), 265–266.
69. Taverni, R., & Magnan (1890). De l’Enfance des criminels dans ses rapports avec la predisposition naturelle au crime. In Actes du Deuxieme Congres Internationale d’Anthropologie Crimminelle Biologie et Sociologie (Paris, aout 1889) (pp. 47–64). Lyon, France: A. Storck.
70. Sellin, J. T. (1938). Culture conflict and crime. New York, NY: Social Science Research Council.
71. Sutherland, E. H. (1939). Principles of criminology (3rd ed.). Chicago, IL: J. B. Lippincott Company.
72. Sharma, R. K. (1998). Criminology and penology. New Delhi, India: Atlantic Publishers and Distributors.
73. Jones, S. (2013). Criminology. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
74. Wolfgang, M. E. (1963). Criminology and the criminologist. Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, 54(2), 155–162. Reprinted in Ferracuti, F., & Wolfgang, M. (1967). The subculture of violence: Towards an integrated theory in criminology. London, UK: Tavistock Publications. DOI: 10.2307/1141156
75. Hoefnagels, G.P. (1973). The other side of criminology: An inversion of the concept of crime. Deventer, Holland: Kluwer.
76. Garland, D. (1994). Of crimes and criminals: The development of criminology in Britain. In M. MaguireR. Morgan, & R. Reiner (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of criminology. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
77. American Society of Criminology. (2006). About ASC. Retrieved from http://www.asc41.com/about.htm
78. European Society of Criminology. (2003). Constitution of the European Society of Criminology. Retrieved from http://www.esc- eurocrim.org/constitution.shtml
79. British Society of Criminology. (2011). BSC Constitution. Retrieved from http://britsoccrim.org/docs/B S CConstitution.pdf
80. McLaughlin, E., & Muncie, J. (2005). The SAGE dictionary of criminology (2nd ed.). London, UK: SAGE Publications.
81. Science (2014). In Oxford English dictionary. Retrieved from oed.com
82. Walsh, A. (2002). Biosocial criminology: Introduction and integration. Cincinnati, OH: Anderson.
83. Gurvitch, G. (1942). Sociology of law. New York, NY: Philosophical Library and Alliance Book Corporation.
84. Henry, S., & Lanier, M. (2001). What is crime? Controversies over the nature of crime and what to do about it. Lanham, ML: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
85. Law Commission of Canada. (2005) What is a crime? Defining criminal conduct in contemporary society. Vancouver, Canada: University of British Columbia Press.
86. Friedrichs, D. (2013, November). Transcending the conventional definition of crime: Toward a twenty-first century criminology. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Society of Criminology, Atlanta, GA.
87. Hillyard, P., Pantazis, C., Tombs, S., & Gordon, D. (2004.) Beyond criminology: Taking harms seriously. London, England: Pluto Press.
88. Crimen (1879). In C. T. Lewis & C. Short (Eds.), A Latin dictionary. New York, NY: Harper and Brothers.
89. Fradella, H. F. (2014). In support of transdisciplinary CCJLS scholarship: A preface to the inaugural issue. Criminology, Criminal Justice, Law & Society, 15(2), 1–13. E-ISSN 2332-886X
90. Andover Theological Seminary. (1881). Catalogue of the officers and students of the Theological Seminary. Andover, MA: Warren F. Draper.
91. Thomas, W. I. (1923). The unadjusted girl. With cases and standpoint for behavior analysis. Boston, MA: Little, Brown.
92. Wilson, J. R. (2015). The Word Criminology: A Philology and a Definition. Criminology, Criminal Justice, Law & Society and The Western Society of Criminology Hosting by Scholastica, 16 (3), 61–82.

Оригинальная публикация: https://ccjls.scholasticahq.com/article/405.pdf

Цитирование :

Русскоязычная версия: Уилсон Дж. Р. Слово «криминология»: филологическое исследование и определение // Актуальные проблемы экономики и права. 2016. Т. 10, № 3. С. 227–251. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21202/1993-047X.10.2016.3.227-251

Тип статьи : Научная статья

Дата поступления статьи :
06.06.2016

Дата принятия в печать :
20.07.2016

Дата онлайн размещения :
20.09.2016