DOI: 10.21202/1993-047X.14.2020.4.852-869

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Как тайное становится явным: выявление коррупции в государственной сфере

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Цель: анализ современного состояния коррупции в государственной сфере в Соединенных Штатах Америки.

Методы: диалектический подход к познанию социальных явлений, позволяющий проанализировать их в историческом развитии и функционировании в контексте совокупности объективных и субъективных факторов, который определил выбор следующих методов исследования: формально-логический, сравнительно-правовой и социологический.

Результаты: последние 30 лет в США растет число случаев коррупции в государственной сфере. Некоторые из них – однократные акции, например получение взятки за контракт; другие носят долгосрочный и систематический характер, как «Дело о продаже детей», в котором фигурировали судьи из штата Пенсильвания. В данной работе проведены беседы с 73 респондентами: бывшими следователями, прокурорами, членами сообщества, а также лицами, непосредственно участвовавшими в коррупционной деятельности. В сочетании с анализом судебных документов это позволило определить, как случаи коррупции становились известны  правоохранительным органам. Информация о коррупционных действиях поступает в правоохранительные органы несколькими путями: от граждан, непосредственно столкнувшихся с коррупцией; в ходе расследований по иным делам; из анонимных источников; в ходе регулярно проводимых проверок.
Эмпирические примеры, взятые из бесед и судебных дел, показывают, как правоохранительные органы выявляют коррупционные действия. В отличие от случаев мошенничества в деловой сфере, в коррупционных делах сообщения граждан играют меньшую роль по сравнению с сообщениями информаторов и других криминальных элементов.

 

Научная новизна: в исследовании впервые проанализировано современное состояние коррупции в государственной сфере в Соединенных Штатах Америки, выявлены и определены типичные механизмы выявления коррупционных деяний.

Практическая значимость: основные положения и выводы статьи могут быть использованы в научной, педагогической и правоприменительной деятельности при выявлении, пресечении и предупреждении правонарушений в сфере противодействия коррупции.

Ключевые слова :

правонарушение; преступление; коррупция; борьба с коррупцией; государственная власть; государственный и муниципальный служащий

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Цитирование :

Артелло К., Албаниз Дж. С. Как тайное становится явным: выявление коррупции в государственной сфере // Актуальные проблемы экономики и права. 2020. Т. 14, № 4.
С. 852–869. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21202/1993-047X.14.2020.4.852-869

Тип статьи : Научная статья

Дата поступления статьи :
15.09.2020

Дата принятия в печать :
22.10.2020

Дата онлайн размещения :
25.12.2020